The California scrub jay (Aphelocoma californica) is a bird species native to western North America. Its habitat spans from southern British Columbia to California and western Nevada, reaching areas west of the Sierra Nevada. Initially, the California scrub jay was considered part of the western scrub jay, along with Woodhouse’s scrub jay. This group was also linked with the island scrub jay and the Florida scrub jay, collectively known as “scrub jay.”

Unlike its migratory counterparts, the California scrub jay is nonmigratory. It is adaptable to urban environments, often becoming accustomed to human presence and occasionally visiting bird feeders. It’s important to note that despite common references to scrub jays as “blue jays,” the California scrub jay is a distinct species separate from the blue jay.

Etymology

The scientific name of the California scrub jay, Aphelocoma californica, carries specific meanings. The generic name, Aphelocoma, is derived from the Latinized Ancient Greek words “apheles-” (from ἀφελής-), meaning “simple,” and Latin “coma” (from Greek “kome” κόμη), which translates to “hair.” This nomenclature refers to the lack of striped or banded feathers in the genus Aphelocoma, distinguishing it from other jays.

The species name, californica, is in Latin and means “from California.” This part of the name reflects the bird’s native range and habitat, indicating that the California scrub jay is primarily found in the state of California, as well as in parts of western North America.

Description

The California scrub jay is a medium-sized bird, measuring around 27–31 cm (11–12 in) in length, including its tail. It has a wingspan of approximately 39 cm (15 in) and weighs about 80 g (2.8 oz). The overall appearance of this species includes a blue head, wings, and tail, complemented by a gray-brown back and grayish underparts. Notably, it features white eyebrows, and its throat is whitish with a distinctive blue necklace.

The bird’s vocalizations, often described as a “harsh and scratchy” call or “screech,” contribute to its unique characteristics. This auditory feature is one of the ways the California scrub jay communicates within its environment.